Journal: Cancers

Article Title: Externally Applied Electromagnetic Fields and Hyperthermia Irreversibly Damage Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/cancers15133413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of EMFs and HT on cancer cell viability. ( A ) Effect of EMFs. Cancer cells were seeded and 24 h later exposed to EMFs (100–500 kHz × 1–5 h). Control values (0 kHz) were 1.14 ± 0.03 A2058, 1.13 ± 0.04 AsPC1, and 1.20 ± 0.05 MDA-MB-231 (×10 6 ) viable cells ( n = 5 in all cases). * p < 0.05 comparing all conditions versus controls (0 kHz) ( n = 5 t -test). ( B ) Effect of HT. Cancer cells were seeded and 24 h later exposed to HT (42–52 °C × 20–40 min). * p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 comparing all conditions versus controls (37 °C) ++ p < 0.01 comparing 40 min versus 20 min ( n = 5 t test). ( C ) Effect of EMFS and HT. Cancer cells were seeded and 24 h later exposed to EMFs (100 kHz × 4 h) and HT (52 °C × 40 min from min 120 to min 160 of the 4 h period where cells were constantly exposed to the EMFs). The surviving cells were cultured for 24 additional hours without further exposure to EMFs and HT. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to make comparisons among the different groups after 4 h of treatment with EMFs + HT and 24 h after. Different letters indicate differences p < 0.05 ( n = 5).

Article Snippet: Human AsPC1/Luciferase Stable Cells were obtained from GenTarget Inc. (San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Control, Cell Culture

Journal: Cancers

Article Title: Externally Applied Electromagnetic Fields and Hyperthermia Irreversibly Damage Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/cancers15133413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of EMFs and HT on ROS generation and the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis.

Article Snippet: Human AsPC1/Luciferase Stable Cells were obtained from GenTarget Inc. (San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Cancers

Article Title: Externally Applied Electromagnetic Fields and Hyperthermia Irreversibly Damage Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/cancers15133413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of EMFs + HIFU-induced HT, gemcitabine and/or PT on the growth of AsPC1 pancreas carcinoma. Cancer cells were inoculated subcutaneously on day 0, and mice were treated with EMFs and HIFU as described under Materials and Methods. ( A ) EMFs and HIFU were applied once per day per three consecutive days (Monday to Wednesday) for two consecutive weeks starting on day 14 after tumor inoculation. Gemcitabine (50 mg/kg) was administered twice on days 14 and 21. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to make comparisons among the different experimental groups at each time point. Different letters indicate statistical differences p < 0.05 ( n = 15 mice per experimental group). ( B ) A disodium salt of PT phosphate (Chromadex Inc. Los Angeles CA) (100 mg of PT/kg) was administered i.p. (one dose 30 min before starting each irradiation session with EMFs and HT). A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to make comparisons among the different experimental groups. Different letters indicate statistical differences p < 0.05 ( n = 12 mice per experimental group). ( C ) Representative images of mice inoculated with AsPC1/Luciferase Stable Cells and treated with EMFs HT and gemcitabine (GEM) or EMFs HT gemcitabine and PT.

Article Snippet: Human AsPC1/Luciferase Stable Cells were obtained from GenTarget Inc. (San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Irradiation, Luciferase

Journal: Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society

Article Title: Systemic administration of human mesenchymal stromal cells infected with polymer-coated oncolytic adenovirus induces efficient pancreatic tumor homing and infiltration

doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cancer cell killing effect and viral replication of oAd/RLX-PCDP complex-loaded hMSCs on various pancreatic cancer cells. (A) Oncolytic effect by PBS, naked oAd/RLX, oAd/RLX-loaded hMSCs, or oAd/RLX-PCDP-loaded hMSCs. Cells (AsPC-1, PANC-1, and MIA PaCa-2) were infected with naked oAd/RLX, oAd/RLX-loaded or oAd/RLX-PCDP-loaded hMSCs at various MOIs. After 4 (AsPC-1 and PANC-1) or 6 (MIA PaCa-2) days post-infection, cell viability was measured by MTT assay. For oAd/RLX groups, the cell viability solely accounts for the absorbance readout of respective cancer cell types. For oAd/RLX- and oAd/RLX-PCDP-loaded hMSC groups, the total cell viability (as determined by absorbance readout) accounts for both respective types of pancreatic cancer cells and surviving hMSC carrier. (B) Viral production. Cells (AsPC-1, PANC-1, and MIA PaCa-2) were infected with naked oAd/RLX, oAd/RLX-loaded hMSCs, or oAd/RLX-PCDP-loaded hMSCs. At 72 h post-infection, viral genomic copies were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results represent the mean ± SD of triplicate experiments. ***P < 0.001 versus oAd/RLX-loaded hMSC control.

Article Snippet: In vivo antitumor efficacy Pancreatic cancer xenograft model was established by injecting 5 × 10 6 AsPC-1 cells into the subcutaneous of 6 weeks-old female nude mice (n=8) (Charles River Inc., Wilmington, MA).

Techniques: Infection, MTT Assay, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society

Article Title: Systemic administration of human mesenchymal stromal cells infected with polymer-coated oncolytic adenovirus induces efficient pancreatic tumor homing and infiltration

doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tumor-tropic migratory properties of oAd/RLX-PCDP complex-loaded hMSCs. oAd/RLX, oAd/RLX-PEI, and oAd/RLX-PCDP complex were treated into hMSCs at 5 MOI. After 18 h, these cells were detached and co-cultured with pancreatic cancer cells (AsPC-1) into the transwell plate for 30 h. Then, the migrated cells were fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin solution. All conditions were done in quadruplicate and repeated in two separate experiments. ***P < 0.001 versus uninfected hMSC (negative control) or naked oAd/RLX.

Article Snippet: In vivo antitumor efficacy Pancreatic cancer xenograft model was established by injecting 5 × 10 6 AsPC-1 cells into the subcutaneous of 6 weeks-old female nude mice (n=8) (Charles River Inc., Wilmington, MA).

Techniques: Cell Culture, Staining, Negative Control

Journal: Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society

Article Title: Systemic administration of human mesenchymal stromal cells infected with polymer-coated oncolytic adenovirus induces efficient pancreatic tumor homing and infiltration

doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo antitumor efficacy of oAd/RLX-PCDP-loaded hMSCs in tumor-bearing mice. Pancreatic tumor xenograft model was established by injecting AsPC-1 cells (5 × 106) subcutaneously in nude mice (n=8). Following the confirmation of tumorigenesis, the treatments were systemically administered on 4 day intervals for total of 3 injections when the average tumor volumes reached 90 mm3. (A) Relative tumor volume of each treatment group at day 21 post treatment in respect to initial tumor volume from day 1. (B) Relative body weight of each treatment group in respect to PBS treatment group at 21 days post initial treatment. (C) Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues from mice treated with PBS, PCDP, hMSC, naked oAd/RLX, oAd/RLX-loaded hMSC, or oAd/RLX-PCDP-loaded hMSC. Tumor tissues were collected from mice at 3 days after the final treatment. Representative sections were stained with H & E or MT solution. TUNEL assay was performed to detect apoptosis, and the expression of E1A was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Data presented as mean ± SD. ***P < 0.001 versus PBS, PCDP, hMSC, naked oAd/RLX, and oAd/RLX-loaded hMSC.

Article Snippet: In vivo antitumor efficacy Pancreatic cancer xenograft model was established by injecting 5 × 10 6 AsPC-1 cells into the subcutaneous of 6 weeks-old female nude mice (n=8) (Charles River Inc., Wilmington, MA).

Techniques: In Vivo, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Expressing, Immunohistochemistry